Coat the bottom of a large pot with the oil and place it over medium heat. Give the oil a minute to heat up, then add the onion. Cook the onion for about five minutes, stirring occasionally, until it becomes soft and translucent.
Stir in the garlic, curry powder, garam masala, and cumin. Cook the mixture for about one minute, stirring constantly, until it becomes very fragrant.
Stir in the coconut milk, tomatoes, chickpeas, peanut butter, and brown sugar. Raise the heat and bring the liquid to a boil, then lower the heat so that it's just at a low simmer. Simmer the mixture for ten minutes.
Stir in the broccoli and bell pepper. Cover the pot and let the curry continue to simmer for five minutes, until the vegetables are tender.
Remove the pot from heat and remove the lid. Season the curry with salt to taste.
Serve the curry with rice, topping each serving with a sprinkle of cilantro and peanuts.