Coat the bottom of a large pot with the oil and place it over medium heat.
Once the oil is hot, add the onion and carrots. Sweat the veggies for about 5 minutes, stirring frequently, until they begin to soften.
Add the garlic and sauté it for about 1 minute, stirring constantly, until it becomes very fragrant.
Add the wine and bring it to a simmer. Let it continue to simmer until reduced by about half, which should take about four minutes.
Stir in the broth, broccoli rabe, potato, beans, and red pepper flakes. Raise the heat to high and bring the broth to a boil.
Lower the heat and let the soup simmer until the potato is tender, about 15 minutes, stirring occasionally.
Remove the pot from heat and stir in the tomato paste, lemon juice and lemon zest (Note 2). Season the soup with salt and pepper to taste.
Ladle into bowls and serve.